The U.S determination of destroying the Taliban supporters and the Al Qaeda organization was greatly achieved in October 2001. The competence of Americas military forces was tested in the battles of Operation Anaconda (OA). foreign exchange transaction comprises both international trade & remittance. The multiple commanders had no control over the other forces, and allied Afghan forces had equipment support to complete the mission. The Northern Alliance proved to be battle-hardened allies that could be counted on to fulfill critical tasks of the mission command warfighting function. CIA paramilitary officers, working with their allies, attempted to destroy al-Qaeda and Taliban forces. This operation was the first large-scale battle in the US war in Afghanistan since the Battle of Tora Bora in December 2001. Mission command is accomplished through the execution of staff tasks that are defined by the commander tasks and these tasks define the mission command warfighting function. An undetermined number of rebels are said to have escaped the fighting through rugged terrain. Operation Anaconda was a necessary evil. There is a possibility that Roberts was captured by the al Qaeda fighters, and executed later with a single shot to the back of the head (One of the feeds showed a group of 8-10 fighters huddling around what appeared to be a body; both GRIM 32 and MAKO 30 noted that an IR strobe was active, a video feed showed the fighters passing the IR strobe around). And with that necessary evil comes a necessarily great mission commander. and mutual trust between the DRA and the Soviet forces. If your specific country is not listed, please select the UK version of the site, as this is best suited to international visitors. It was fought in difficult mountain conditions and ended up with an American . An Anaconda is a snake that squeezes and suffocates it's victim. Both teams of SEAL operators now opened fire down on the enemy fighters in a crossfire and the third Chinook landed its operators nearby to investigate a suspicious looking vehicle. It was obvious from this viewpoint that the proximity of friendly forces to the enemy positions was preventing sufficient suppressive firepower from being used due to danger close distance to both Mako 30 and QRF chalk 1. b. Maj. Gen. Frank Hagenbeck did confirm that al-Qaeda fighters were seen (on live video feed from a Predator drone orbiting the firefight) chasing Roberts, and later dragging his body away from the spot where he fell. Operation Anaconda in Afghanistan: A Case Study of Adaption in, Battle. On the second day, U.S. forces modified its original plan from a hammer-and-anvil focus to one that would see mass air fires on the valleys eastern sides in support of the U.S. Armys positions there. Salvation came after dark in the form of an AC-130U Spooky gunship that unlike the faster-moving jets during the day, was able to loiter over the area and provide sustained firepower so the men could be airlifted out under cover of darkness; the group suffered 35 wounded (two chalks of which were casevaced by PaveHawk CSAR choppers) and none killed.[25]. Also, unfortunately, the pilot of the Razor 01 was not told about the enemy's anti-aircraft location on top of the mountain. This operation was designed to finish off the remaining Taliban and al Qaeda forces that were remaining after several months of intense combat who had gathered in Shahikot Valley. One of the F-15E pilots later acknowledged that this may have been a communication directing Grim-31 to cease fire. Then analyze the Operation using the 7 Principles of Mission Command: competence, mutual trust, shared understanding, commander's intent, mission orders, discipline initiative, and risk acceptance. Operation Lightning Hammer II. This, plus the actions of the two SASR officers working with the 10th Mountain Division, earned the commander of the Australian SASR force in Afghanistan the US Bronze Star for his unit's outstanding contribution to the war on terrorism. Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan. We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. American Forces mistakenly landed in the middle of the valley, instead of the outside and were immediately caught in the Taliban's kill zone. Furthermore, they had no command over the Special Operation Forces (SOF). The hot reception resulted in only two of the planned eight CH-47's landing in the LZ. 3 main talking points is Competence, Mutual Trust & Shared Understanding. Develop an analytical essay using the six principles of mission command to appraise and compare the Operation Anaconda Case Study, March 2002. Just login to the Online Policy Manager to start. The road was in poor condition and difficulties ensued. Significantly, the commanders intent should not be a repetition of why the mission is occurring, but a broader clear, and concise general purpose of the concept of the mission. Because of the poor initial intelligence assessment, the troops on the ground were initially exposed to a much higher prudent risk factor than what was originally anticipated. "[32] Investigative reporter Seymour Hersh refuted the official account, describing it as "in fact a debacle, plagued by squabbling between the services, bad military planning and avoidable deaths of American soldiers, as well as the escape of key al-Qaeda leaders, likely including Osama bin Laden."[33]. 1,300 words on the Operation Anaconda Case Study. These tasks are mutually supporting in that the commander tasks drives the operations process, develops teams, and informs and influences audiences inside and outside their organizations. This type of shared understanding was not initially achieved by the commanders of the U.S. forces. In late January and February plans were drawn up to assault the Shahi-Kot Valley using Afghan military forces (AMF) advised and assisted by U.S. special operators. c. Operation Anaconda in Afghanistan - A Case Study of Adaptation in Battle. Mission orders define the desired results but do not mandate how to achieve them. The plan called for an attack on the valley, along with units positioned in the mountains to the east to prevent escape into Pakistan. The five-man team, including MCpl Graham Ragsdale, MCpl Tim McMeekin, MCpl Arron Perry, Cpl Dennis Eason, and Cpl Rob Furlong, killed over 20 enemy fighters during the operation and were awarded Bronze Star medals by the United States for their service. The seven principles of mission command are applicable in every combat scenario. This was the first time this capability had been used for a live combat mission. Task Force Bowie: AFO (made up of a 45-man reconnaissance unit Delta Force and augmented by selected DEVGRU operators recce specialists and supported by ISA's technical experts, AFO conducted covert reconnaissance usually sending small 2 or 3 man teams on foot or on ATVs, deploying observation posts to watch and report enemy movements and numbers as well as environmental reconnaissance). Trust comes from successful shared experiences and training, usually gained incidental to operations but also deliberately developed by the commander. Once dismissed as representative of narrative closure and bourgeois ideology, realism has made a remarkable comeback in recent years as a predominant trend in world cinema and television productions, as well as a topical line of enquiry in audiovisual theory. Airpower Against Terror Americas Conduct of Enduring Freedom. The quick reaction force (QRF) consisted of 19 Rangers, a Tactical Air Control Party (Tacp), and a three-man USAF special tactics team carried by two Chinooks, Razor 01 and Razor 02. When the execution of Operation Anaconda occurred, U.S. military presence in Afghanistan was not yet fully mature. Operation Anaconda was the first major joint combat operation against the war on terror that the US was committed to winning. "Roberts Ridge" Bantam Dell (New York), 2013. (LogOut/ In the Lower Shahikot several imposing mountains dominate the landscape; chief among them is Takur Ghar at the southeastern end of the valley; to the northeast is Tsapare Ghar, dominating the northern entrance to the valley. ProQuest Ebook Central. The TF 11 operators added their firepower. The team came under immediate fire, and Air Force combat controller Technical Sergeant John A. Chapman was seriously injured, along with two Navy SEALs. Examining how the six principles of mission command were applied revealed shortcomings some aspects as well as success others. A former KSK commander is quoted in the German magazine Stern to have said: 'The pictures of Abu Ghraib, the torture in Iraqi prison camps, did absolutely not surprise me.'[36]. Guidance and Requirements: a. Osprey Publishing, 2004. Executive Director Global Commercial Operations Amgen. The Apaches destroyed some enemy positions harassing the U.S. and Afghan troops, but the insurgents began intentionally firing their RPGs into the air. Use your time to develop a deep understanding of your topic to fully explain your stance on the topic. At the end of Operation Anaconda, the US and Afghan forces had succeeded at removing the majority of the Al-Qaeda and Taliban presence from the Shahi-Kot Valley. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? . Blaber, Pete. TF Panther deployed to Afghanistan in late June 2002 and would serve under CTF 82 until 5 December 2002. The commanders intent for OA was clear and concise. In his mind, as the mission commander of his team, he calculated the risk against him and his team. However, the Chinook experienced engine difficulties, and new MH-47s were dispatched to replace the original helicopters. This essay conducts an analytical overview to Operation Anaconda, a military operation conducted in Eastern Afghanistan in early March of 2002. After 14 hours of heavy machine-gun fire, thick snow, rough terrain, and calling in close air support, and caring for his wounded teammates they were finally extracted (Lange (2019). They infiltrated the area on foot via the southern edge of the valley to set up an observation post on a terrain feature known as 'The Finger.' [37] They were replaced by CTF 82, formed from the headquarters of the 82d Airborne Division and led by the division's commander, Major General John R. Vines. [8] Malawi Nasrullah Mansoor later joined the Taliban, becoming governor of Paktia Province before being killed in a battle with a rival warlord. Naturally, an individual or group disagrees with the ideology of the invasive force and now the prospect of war is introduced into the equation. "Not a Good Day to Die" Penguin Group (New York), 2014: Holmes, Tony. TF Hammer consisted of AMF and special operators as the primary effort to assault the Shahi-Kot Valley; their objective was to enter the valley from the north, assaulting through the villages of Serkhankheyl and Marzak, where intelligence indicated that the enemy was concentrated, and channel fleeing enemy into the TF Rakkasan blocking positions. One team would move to the peak of Takur Ghar, which commanded the southern approach to the Shahi-Kot valley. The United States had secured the support of friendly governments as well as much needed ground support from the Northern Alliance. 4 minutes ago; Report Issue. LCDR Hyder requested authorization to shift the insertion 24 hours to the next evening but was directed that insertion was critical to SOF providing support to the Operation. Nail 22, an AC-130H Spectre, reconnoitered the peak, and, seeing no enemy activity, declared the mountain top secure. During this time, both bombers plus the additional two F-15Es claimed to have received a "knock off" call directing them to cease the bombardment. While this operation was considered an overall success, in the end, initial mission plans and the intent were far from being met. AFO teams launched further Recce teams into the nearby Naka Valley, hunting for al-Qaeda terrorists that had escaped but did not find anything. According to an interview[36] of some soldiers of the German Special Forces KSK, the post-operation briefing was broken down by an argument between the KSK soldiers and U.S. soldiers. The operation ran into problems from the outset. Razor 04 returned to the peak in an attempt to rescue Roberts, offloading Mako 30. Supported by 16 Apaches, 5 USMC Cobras helicopters and several A-10A ground attack aircraft; the Rakkasans methodically cleared an estimated 130 caves, 22 bunkers and 40 buildings to finally secure the valley. 3 main talking points is Competence, Mutual Trust & Shared Understanding. Finally, between several generals including SOF generals; the principle of shared understanding is exemplified as they agreed that command and control would be more effective under a conventional generalship under General Franks with SOF as a support element (Lambeth p. 167-168). Previously stated; the commanders intent does not emphasize the why of the mission, but the mission order does. Operation Anaconda took place in early March 2002 in the Shahikot Valley and the Armagh Mountains, Afghanistan. Operation Anaconda was a military operation that took place in early March 2002 as part of the War in Afghanistan. MilitaryScienceCaseAnalysis.docx. Mission command addresses the nature of operations by exercising mission command philosophy, executed through mission command warfighting function and enabled by mission command system. War cannot exist without the mind and will of man. The signal intelligence also raised the possibility that high-value targets (HVTs) were present in the valley among which were Jalaluddin Haqqani and Saif Rahman. Due to time constraints, a helicopter insertion would be needed for the teams to reach the peak before dawn. Operation Anaconda was also met with criticism. Operation Anaconda was carried out in Shahikot Valley in eastern Afghanistan by the United States forces during early March 2002. Operations planning took place in February of 2002 and was executed from 2-16 March. TF Hammer consisted of a large force of Afghan militia led by Zia Lodin and the Special Forces A-teams Texas 14/ODA 594 and Cobra 72/ODA 372. Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. SOF teams from Task Force K-Bar and Task Force 64 also inserted into the valley to establish observation posts which according to US planners "had to be tenable, afford good reconnaissance, and cover the identified escape routes or 'rat lines' into Pakistan"[19], Near H-Hour, Mako 31 found a group of foreign fighters that had established a position and were manning a DShK HMG on the peak where they planned to set up an observation post. Command and control have evolved into a well thought out structured philosophy now acknowledged as mission command. Blaber was notified that the SEALs were forced to insert on the peak in order to fulfill the order to infil Mako 30 that night. While attempting to land at the top of Taku Ghar, their helicopter was hit with an RPG. 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